Flame Front Deformation Instabilities of Filtration Combustion for Initial Thermal Perturbation

The flame front deformation instability of low-velocity filtration combustion within an inert packed bed is studied based on the initial preheating non-uniformity. Based on the experimental phenomena, an initial thermal perturbation model is numerically proposed so as to predict the deformation behaviors of the flame front instabilities. The numerical prediction indicates that the assumption of an initial thermal perturbation is a feasible explanation as the cause of the flame front inclination instability. As the initial thermal perturbation increases, the phenomena of the flame front break and shrinking instabilities could easily occur at high filtration velocity or low equivalence ratio. Moreover, the evolutions of the flame front break rate and the shrinking rate are quantitatively analyzed.     

Systematical study on the roles of transition alloying substitutions on anti-disproportionation reaction of ZrCo during charging and releasing hydrogen

Intermetallic alloy ZrCo is believed to be a good substitution for uranium to store tritium. Nevertheless, disproportionation reaction often happens during the hydriding and dehydriding processes, and hydrogen storage property of ZrCo is therefore degraded. Alloying elements are often used to substitute Zr or Co in ZrCo to restrain disproportionation reaction. However, many experimental results do not agree with each other, and it lacks overall tendency for all transition metal elements. In this work, systematical ab initio calculations are performed to study more than 20 transition alloying elements to substitute Co and Zr in ZrCoH₃ to study the anti-disproportionation effects. It is found that substitution of Co by transition metal elements on anti-disproportionation reaction is unconspicuous, and only Ni can enlarge Zr–H bond length and decrease the volume of 8e site, presenting anti-disproportionation effect, which qualitatively agrees with the previous experiments. In contrast, all transition alloying elements considered except Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os and Ir replacing Zr can both enlarge the length of Zr–H bond and decrease the volume of 8e site, and thus restrain the disproportionation effects. At last, two-dimensional charge density and density of states are calculated to analyze the underlying mico-mechanisms affecting the effects of transition alloying elements on anti-disproportionation reaction.     

Remarkably enhanced energy storage properties of lead-free Ba0.53Sr0.47TiO3 thin films capacitors by optimizing bottom electrode thickness

The lead-free Ba_0.53Sr_0.47TiO₃ (BST) thin films buffered with La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃ (LSMO) bottom electrode of different thicknesses were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition method on a (001) SrTiO₃ substrate. It was found that the roughness of electrode decreases and substrate stress relaxes gradually with the increase of LSMO thickness, which is beneficial for weakening local high electric field and achieving higher E_b. Therefore, the recoverable energy density (W_rec) of BST films can be greatly improved up to 67.3 %, that is, from 30.6 J/cm³ for the LSMO thickness of 30 nm up to 51.2 J/cm³ for the LSMO thickness of 140 nm after optimizing the LSMO thickness. Furthermore, the thin film capacitor with a 140 nm LSMO bottom electrode shows an outstanding thermal stability from 20 °C to 160 °C and superior fatigue resistance after 10⁸ electrical cycles with only a slightly decrease of W_rec below 1.6 % and 3.7 %, respectively. Our work demonstrates that optimizing bottom electrodes thickness is a promising way for enhancing energy storage properties of thin-film capacitors.     

Excited-state absorption of meso-tetrasulfonatophenyl porphyrin: Effects of pH and micelles

The influence of the environment on the excited state transitions of meso-tetrakis(p-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (TPPS) is reported. TPPS was investigated in protonated and non-protonated forms, and in the presence of the cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles. The singlet excited-state absorption spectra were measured by using the white-light continuum Z-scan technique and the triplet–triplet absorption spectra were acquired employing an association of laser flash photolysis and Z-scan techniques. Our results show that the perseveration of the molecular symmetry, upon excitation, depends on the state of multiplicity of the molecules, as well as on the environment and structural characteristics of the porphyrin. Additionally, it was observed that for excited molecules, the ring distortion caused by the protonation of porphyrin ring has great influence on the changes observed for the symmetry and vibronic structure. The results clearly show that the porphyrin investigated is a promising candidate for optical limiting applications for all investigated environments.     

基于高分一号遥感卫星的渤海湾悬浮泥沙时空分布反演

悬浮泥沙是评价II类水体水质的重要参数之一,近海岸水域悬浮泥沙对重金属、营养盐等具有一定的吸附作用,悬浮泥沙的分布特征在一定程度上反映着污染物的迁移和循环,因此研究悬浮泥沙对渤海湾建设和环境保护具有重要意义。为探究渤海湾水域悬浮泥沙浓度 和分布的变化特征,利用高分一号多光谱卫星影像,通过采用波段组合的方式对悬浮泥沙含量指数反演提取,反演得到2019年9个月的渤海湾悬浮泥沙指数,分析发现渤海湾悬浮泥沙含量在冬季受季风影响较高,春季和夏季的时候渤海湾高浓度悬浮泥沙向近岸收缩,秋季 悬浮泥沙分布格局有正在向冬季过渡的趋势,本文研究可为渤海湾的生态环境保护和工业开发提供重要的科学依据和参考价值。     

以科研促进教学,提高应用化学人才培养质量

经过多年的实践与探索,安徽建筑大学应用化学学科在人才培养模式和管理制度方面,形成了以科研促进教学的模式,为提升人才培养质量营造了良好的环境。探索通过科研促进教学,提高课程内容的先进性和实践性,突出实践教学。构建教学与科研良性互动的教学模式,提高教育教学质量的途径,培养学生的创新意识、创新能力和科学研究能力。     

Insights into ground shock in jointed rocks and the response of structures there-in

Ground shock in rock masses is created by dynamic events such as rock-bursts, coal bumps or man-made explosions. This article examines two aspects of the phenomenology: the propagation of ground shock, and its effects on underground structures. Numerous experiments, at all scales, as well as numerical modeling clearly show that geologic discontinuities have a large influence on ground shock propagation through their actions as wave-guides or as decoupling features. Three-dimensional discrete element (DE) numerical models provide additional insights into the dynamic response of underground structures as influenced by joint orientation, joint spacing, characteristics of the loading pulse (duration, peak velocity, peak displacement), and repeated loadings. It is also shown that in hard rocks the deformability of rock blocks has a negligible influence on tunnel dynamic structural response compared to that of the joint sets or bedding. When viewed together with pictures of underground failures, the 3-D DE models are shown to capture quite well the kinematics of jointed rocks, and their power is illustrated through a very large simulation of an underground facility under dynamic loading.     

界面增容剂的结构对PLA/PP共混体系界面状态及性能的影响

通过在聚乳酸(PLA)和聚丙烯(PP)共混体系中分别引入马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MAH)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-GMA),制备出具有不同结构及性能的共混材料(PLA/PP/POE-g-MAH,PLA/PP/POE-g-GMA),并采用转矩流变仪、扫描电子显微镜、差示扫描量热仪、平板流变仪及电子万能试验机等研究了不同界面增容剂的结构对PLA/PP共混体系界面状态及性能的影响。结果表明,POE-g-MAH和POE-g-GMA均可改善PLA与PP的相界面形态,但与POE-g-GMA相比,POE-g-MAH的界面催化效率更高,对PLA/PP共混体系增容效果更好,其可诱导PLA与PP在界面处形成微交联结构,增强PLA与PP的界面相互作用,改善材料的机械性能,当添加4wt%的POE-g-MAH时,PLA/PP/POE-g-MAH共混物的拉伸强度达29.7 MPa,断裂伸长率提升至39.3%,较PLA/PP样品提高了8倍;并且共混材料的冲击强度随着POE-g-MAH含量的增加而增加,当其添加量为6wt%时,材料冲击强度达30.1 kJ/m2,材料具有较好的刚韧平衡性。     

大功率LED散热回路热管的实验研究

大功率LED热问题是制约大功率 LED的稳定性、可靠性和寿命的技术瓶颈之一,有效的低热阻封装LED热设计是提高LE D性能的关键。本文提 出一种应用于大功率LED散热的铜-水回路热管(LHP),研究了加热方 式、充液率、风压和倾角 等对LHP均温性、起动性和热阻等的影响。研究结果表明:在输入功率为30W时,LHP的启动时间约为 6.5min;热阻范围为0.48～1.62K/W;在热 负荷为30W时,蒸发器的温度可以稳定控制在75℃以下;蒸发器表 面均温差被控制在1.6℃以下;LHP的最佳的充液率为60%;冷凝器侧 风压在一定范围内(小于130Pa)时,冷凝器侧风压力越大,LED产 品的散热性能越好。     

装配式混凝土梁柱节点抗震性能试验与数值模拟

为研究不同螺栓强度等级对新型装配式半刚性混凝土梁柱节点抗震性能的影响,分别对螺栓等级为5.6级和8.8级的梁柱节点进行了足尺试验,分析了节点的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、割线刚度、等效黏滞阻尼系数等抗震性能指标,并基于ABAQUS有限元软件对现浇节点和5.6级螺栓连接的试验节点进行了数值模拟。结果表明:基于5.6级和8.8级螺栓连接的半刚性梁柱节点均具有良好的抗震性能和耗能能力,2组梁柱节点构件的刚度均随着位移等级的增加而逐渐降低,与5.6级螺栓连接的节点相比,8.8级螺栓连接的节点刚度退化速率较快,且正向加载下5.6级螺栓连接节点的极限承载力为8.8级螺栓连接节点的85.42%,负向加载下5.6级螺栓连接节点的极限承载力为8.8级螺栓连接节点的83.68%; 有限元模拟结果具有较高的准确性,能够很好地反映节点构件的抗震性能; 与现浇节点对比发现,现浇节点在耗能能力方面比试验节点好,但试验节点的极限承载力要优于现浇节点; 所得结论可为装配式半刚性梁柱结构的抗震设计提供依据,为新型装配式梁柱节点构件的发展及应用提供参考。